Anal fistula
A guide to anal fistula surgery
What is an anal fistula?
An anal fistula, sometimes called a fistula-in-ano, is a small tunnel that develops between the anal canal and the skin near the anus. It most commonly develops following an infection or abscess, when the infection drains but leaves a tract behind.
Symptoms can include persistent pain or discomfort, swelling and irritation around the anus, and discharge of pus or fluid from an opening in the skin. Symptoms may improve temporarily before returning if the fistula remains.
Anal fistulas do not usually heal on their own and often require surgical treatment. Mr Tewari can assess the fistula and discuss the most appropriate treatment based on its position and relationship to the surrounding muscles.
How is an anal fistula treated?
Anal fistulas usually require surgery because the abnormal tract is unlikely to heal permanently on its own. The type of treatment recommended will depend on the position of the fistula, how much of the anal sphincter muscle it passes through and whether it has any branches.
For simpler fistulas, a procedure called a fistulotomy may be performed. This involves opening the fistula tract so that it can heal from the inside out. For fistulas that pass through more of the sphincter muscle, other techniques may be considered to treat the fistula while reducing the risk of damage to the muscles that control continence.
Mr Tewari will assess the fistula and discuss the available treatment options with you before recommending an approach based on your individual circumstances.
What can I expect after anal fistula surgery?
Most anal fistula procedures are carried out as day surgery, meaning you can usually return home the same day. Some discomfort is normal afterwards, and you may be advised to take pain relief and keep your stools soft while the area heals.
Depending on the procedure performed, you may have an open wound that needs time to heal. You will be given advice about keeping the area clean, changing any dressings and gradually returning to your normal activities. Some drainage or discharge from the wound can be expected during the healing process.
Recovery varies depending on the type and complexity of the fistula and the treatment you have received. Mr Tewari will explain what to expect following your procedure and provide appropriate aftercare advice.
Book an appointment
If you believe you need anal fistula surgery or you have been referred to us by your doctor, please contact us to book an appointment.